Many people with age the joints disease, which doctors call osteoarthritis. Most often, osteoarthritis affects people of age over 45 years, and very often osteoarthritis of the knee. If you do not treat arthritis, the cartilage loses the exposed bone and, and it makes it impossible to perform the functions of the knee joint.
The reasons that led to the occurrence of osteoarthritis
The occurrence of osteoarthritis of the knee joint can contribute to a number of factors. Those doctors are the following:
A variety of mechanical injuries. It can be and fractures dislocation, but especially dangerous, damage to the menisci. Trauma is one factor that may well trigger the development of osteoarthritis at a young age. Doctors say that osteoarthritis causes no damage and treatment of this injury, which is associated with fixation of the limbs and, as a consequence, disturbance of microcirculation of blood in the joint area, which leads to the development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. If the meniscus damage and their subsequent removal, medical statistics say that in nine cases out of ten, to avoid osteoarthritis is not possible;
Being overweight in and of itself, the knee was not injured, but is a risk factor for injury to the menisci. This Injury is very dangerous, process of recovery meniscus injury, in most cases, long-term and lead to osteoarthritis. Doctors believe that the most severe forms of osteoarthritis of the knee joint occurs in people who are also overweight, suffer from varicose veins;
Problems with ligaments. A fairly common case of people who are in good physical shape. These people have a large movement joints are flexible it. Such people have a level sitting on the splits, and can perform various elements of the stretching exercises even without warm-up. However, such people have very "loose" ligaments. Perform these people exercises cause knee joint stabilisation and association agreement microtrauma, and they are still the cause of osteoarthritis;
Such a joint disease like arthritis is very easily degenerate into osteoarthritis. The fact that rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory process, which leads to the formation of large amounts of fluid in the joint cavity, which leads to and eventually destruction of cartilage in osteoarthritis of the knee;
Changes in metabolism also leads to the development of arthritis, especially important that the joints is the exchange of calcium; in recent times there are several theories that explain the onset of osteoarthritis stress. According to madcow after 40, many women accumulate emotional fatigue and it is a cause of disturbances in the processes of blood circulation, including in the lower extremities, which causes suffering and the knee joint.
The symptoms of the disease
If arthrosis of the knee joint most often the following symptoms:
Pain in the knee joint. The main feature is that it seems the pain is never suddenly. Usually, the person and the feeling of experiencing the discomfort of aching pain for months and even several years. Amplified pain when running or walking fast. If the pain is knee sharply, most likely, not arthritis, and pinched meniscus. The longer the disease develops, the stronger the pain. Particularly severe pain after experiencing the load associated with prolonged walking or heavy lifting. The pain subsided with rest, but as soon as there is physical exertion, the pain immediately reappear. In many cases, patients with knee worsening pain when the weather conditions change and the pain of driving in and feel at rest. Pain symptoms, it is recommended to use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
Deformity of the knee. This symptom occurs the later stages of the disease. Not to be confused with the deformation of the knee swelling, which can occur early in the disease, the accumulation of large amounts of fluid in the knee joint. This festival during the doctors call synovitis, but in the end synovitis can go to the Baker's cyst, which occurs in the formation of the seal behind the knee joint. Fortunately, Baker's cyst is treatable without surgery;
Crunch. Unlike the crunch in the joints of healthy people with the crunch in the later stages of osteoarthritis associated with severe pain. In addition, the crunch of osteoarthritis of the special, dry. The reason for the crunch of ligaments problem or excessive mobility of the joint it;
Limitation of the knee joint. Because of the severe pain the patient can freely and legs to bend straighten. Typically, the restriction is involved in the deformation of joints, which are very visible externally. In the later stages of osteoarthritis, the joints become completely immobile independent movement, patients become very problematic. According to the degree of severity of symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee in clinical practice it is accepted to allocate such extent of the disease:
- Osteoarthritis of the joint was published in the first degree. The pain is low paid mostly for and the execution of movements. At rest, the pain goes away. The cartilage at this stage already struck, the shape changes but not visible visually. Joint fluid can build up and form a Baker's cyst;
- Osteoarthritis of the joint of the second degree. The cartilage tissue is affected due to narrowing of the joint space. X-rays of the joint at this stage it seems that the bone has grown in size. Patients movement severe pain involved, but not resting pain. In flexion extension and the foot is heard, which is characterized by arthritis, nice crunch. Bending and straightening the knee joint problems, doctors are patient about it, deformation of the joint;
- Osteoarthritis of the joint of the third degree. The cartilage is so thin that in some places the bone was completely exposed. In addition, the cavity of the joints of the views of the salt deposits, which the doctors called osteophytes. The patient a lot of pain that do not subside in motion or at rest.
The diagnosis of osteoarthritis
The most likely diagnosis of osteoarthritis of the knee doctor can make interrogation of the patient during the study period. However, that was the exact diagnosis requires two mandatory research: diagnostic ultrasound and isotope studies. With regard to laboratory blood tests, she can determine that the removal of diseases that have similar clinical picture, for example, arthritis. The most informative of the attending physician are the results of the x-rays, which can be used to assess the degree of narrowing of the joint space, and to see also gives the opportunity to osteophytes. At the same time, the ultrasonic data gives the thickness of the articular cartilage, and give an idea also on how they are attached to the knee joint tissue.
Osteoarthritis of the knee joint
If you suspect osteoarthritis of the knee should consult a local therapist, who will deliver or, where necessary, surgeon orthopedic. Treatment of the disease requires different strategies, however the most effective so far is a medication for the treatment of osteoarthritis. It fact doctors use several groups of drugs. This:
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
- Chondroprotectors;
- Steroid hormones the series;
- Medications that improve blood circulation;
- Vitamins
Ozone
This method provides the effects of ozone (O3) in the knee joint affected by osteoarthritis. This technique can be implemented nun outer training, ozone contact, and give injections. This is not the ozone-versus-topics, but at the same time, has a powerful therapeutic effect. In patients with decreased pain, reduce inflammation and restore blood circulation to the knee joint. It is believed that the ozone treatment will help the complex, with the use of chondroprotectors.
Exercise therapy
This technique is based on the assumption that when the size of the special exercises, restore is the blood of the son flow to the knee joint, and it starts and restore cartilage elasticity of ligaments. A set of exercises is chosen individually for each patient the doctor. This treatment combines well with medication.
Occupational therapy
According to many doctors for the treatment of knee joint osteoarthritis occupational therapy is one of the most important, not secondary, methods of treatment. During physiotherapeutic procedures, remove the pain of operations and restore the most common, in addition to some of the methods during occupational therapy to relieve pain functions and returns the most common, in addition to some of the occupational therapy methods to enter medications in the treatment of disease. All date occupational therapy osteoarthritis in the knee joint is divided into the following categories:
- To reduce the pain;
- Acute inflammatory processes;
- Reduces blood circulation;
- Painkillers Occupational Therapy
SF
Because this procedure is most often used in small and medium-wave ultraviolet radiation (SF). During the procedure, the uv rays are redirected to the knee and focus on that until, until you see slight redness on the skin. It is believed that this is evidence of the production of substances that reduce sensitivity to pain. As a rule, patients are prescribed for 6-7 sessions in SF.
Magnetic therapy
Recently, particularly popular becomes magnetic. It is believed that the technique is applicable in osteoarthritis was published in the first and second degree. The patients are 10-25 procedures magneto-therapy, each procedure takes about 30 minutes. The effect of magnetic field on blood flow to the cartilage and restore its consequences, the recovery began.
Exercise for osteoarthritis of the knee joint
Occupational therapy in the treatment of arthritis is very important. There are a lot of development in this direction, but a set of the most significant results were given exercises developed by Dr. Evdokimenko and Lana Paley. Sorry, we didn't have any restrictions. You can perform exercises to the people:
- A critical moment for women days;
- Patients with intracranial and high blood pressure;
- Body temperature more than 37.5 0C;
- The presence of an inguinal hernia;
- Heart failure;
- There is an acute diseases of the internal organs.
The complex consists of nine exercises. Before you start the daily performance of the complex, it is necessary to consult with your doctor. Practice has shown that the right exercise program Evdokimenko – Paley under the supervision of doctors to provide excellent results. And also, remember that you can do these exercises using a warming cream.
Diet in the treatment of osteoarthritis
One cause of osteoarthritis of the knee joint on the weight, which puts more pressure on the joints. Therefore, weight loss is one of the most important tasks in the complex treatment and prevention of osteoarthritis. Data numerous studies suggest that weight loss of 5 pounds has a significant impact on improving the condition of the joints of the patient. Nutritionists believe that the nutrition of the patient a sufficient amount must be of vitamins minerals and, and at the same time must have a minimum calorific value. If osteoarthritis does not in any case-participate in diuretic teas, which are so fond of using fans to run poi extra weight. The fact is that when this is paid, the leaching of calcium, and it is highly desirable in this case, osteoarthritis of the joints. Nutrition should be a fraction, but snacking should use vegetables and fruits. It is believed that the morning should start with Breakfast, otherwise the metabolism for a long time is not involved and it is quite likely failures. Similarly affected and a late dinner, which will be no later than 2-3 hours before bedtime. What is important is, As to drink enough water (at least 2 liters a day). And also important is the quality of the food. When osteoarthritis is very important to include such items as:
- Soups, broths and jelly, cooked bone. These products contain a large amount of natural chondroprotectors and collagen;
- Meat chicken or Turkey, which are an excellent source of protein, it is extremely important for a healthy metabolism;
- Fish, nuts, almonds hazelnuts and are very important sources of vitamin E;
- Cereals and wholegrain bread is the best options of complex carbohydrates necessary for proper nutrition of the patient;
- Sunflower -, linseed-or are important olive oil also food ingredients, because they are sources of unsaturated fatty acids.
In the treatment of osteoarthritis it should be remembered that this disease can be instantaneous and, in fact, is to maintain a certain way of life, otherwise the patient can move to lose the ability to independently.