Arthropod (Deforming Arthroz, People's Name
It should be noted that Artrosis is a group of joint diseases with different origin and close development mechanisms.The most large combinations are artrosis:
- Artroos (GonarTroos) deformed by knee combination,
- Artroosis (coksartrous) deforming the hip combination,
- also arthrosis of shoulder combination.
These are the most difficult types of artrosis.
The arthroch of small joints is less common.Most hands have intererring joints, as well as the deformed arthrosis of metacarpophalangeal joints of thumbs.Patients celebrate the appearance of interference joints, reducing pain, mobility, near the combinations of seals (geberden and buns).This type of arthrosis is more common at age.Often there is an artrosis of foot joints.
Polyatrosis or generalized arthrosis, suddenly characterized by several ways to damage.
Arthropod Spine combinations - spondylarthroz - Although there is a similar development mechanism with other arthrosis, belong to the group of diseases.
The pain in the unification of the main clinical symptom of the arthropist is a decrease in mobility.Special symptoms are determined by the stage of arthrosis and depend on the degree of destructive changes in the combination.
Reasons for arthros
Arthropod It is custom to divide in primary and secondary.Primary (idoopathic) is an increase in increased degeneration in cartilage tissue in cartosis, violations of recovery processes and all the body.Secondary Artrosis occurs as a result of other pathological processes in the body or by partial destruction of any external effects, the partial destruction of articular surfaces.
Most, traumatic arthrosis is diagnosed in young patients.It is always possible to draw a clear border between elementary and secondary arthrosis in elderly patients.
Although the exact cause of arterioosis cannot be determined, the factors that occur and contribute to development are known.
The next types of reasons contributing to the development of primitive and secondary deformation arthrosis may differ.
The reasons for initial arthrosis are hereditary factors
Hydrentism violations were determined that may lead to the development of primitive arthrosis:
- Genetic disorders in the compound cream tissue causes accelerating destruction;
- Congenital flaws of the muscularosheletal system (compounds, dysplasi, straight legs and others), which are the cause of the trauma of joint cartilage tissue and eventually.
The deformation of the interval of the upper extremities is mainly inherited by women and women's lines.
The second of artrosis reasons
Secondary arthrosis is the result of joint damage.This damage can cause various factors.
- Mechanical damage to joints.In these groups of factors, various common injuries, inner bone fractures, resulting in a joint structure.The same result is caused by both static and dynamic (such as athletes) as a result of constant microcharstring of joints.Also, obesity causes overloading and trauma.
Another factor that has a negative impact on combinations (primarily in the hip) is the wrong stance.
The joint structure may also disrupt surgical intervention. - Joint diseases.Arthrosis, inflammatory diseases of joints (acute and chronic arthritis, synovite, preliminary aseptic necrosis of bone tissue, etc.)
- Violation of metabolism, the diseases of the endocrine system, lack of minerals in the body.The lack of various disorders of metabolism, lack of vitamins, phosphorus and other minerals, vitamins and trace elements, cause recovery processes and compositions, causes changes in bone and cartilage, synovial fluid.
- Otoimmune Diseases(Gout, Khondrokalsinosis, hemoxromatosis, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis), Hormonal disorders, estrogen deficiency In postmenopose, women lead to changes in the tissues of joints and gradually.
- Vascular diseases (Atherosclerosis of low extremities, endoneritis, destroy vascular veins) as Hypodynamia The periticular tissues causes violations of shape to the bulging tissues, the tissues of weak blood supply, and the resulting dystrophic changes.
Artrosis Development Mechanism
Development arthropod Begins with the destruction of the cartilage.Believes that blood circulation is violated in the capillaries of the corneal layer of the periodium.When the evaluation occurs due to the nutrition of nutritional fluid and adjacent bone tissue, the casket of cartilage is gradually reduced, the smoothness of the shortcomings is reduced, the amount of synovial fluids in the merger.As a result, it seems Pain and crisis during actions.The width of the joint cavity gradually decreases, bone, the edges of articular surfaces Osteofhyta spike.
As a result, the joint deform is deformed, the amplitude of the movements in the inside is declining.Thus, the body is preparing forced arthrosis related to the aging of the body.The development of this form of arthrosis is usually gradually happening over the years.
Other forms of arthrosroosis of large compounds have several other developments, for example, -Traumatic, post-infotous, metabolic, intoxolicism, but as a result, we get similar changes in combinations.
Signs of arthrosis of joints.Stages and degree of arthropons
The classification of arteries based on Clinical and Radiological Features "Classic".Accordingly, the three phases of the development of the disease are different.Distinguishes 3 degrees of Arthosus, the degree of disability is in line with the classification:
- I arthrosis rate - the disease does not prevent work, although it hinders this work,
- II Ranking - The disease prevents the work of work,
- III degree of arthrosis - loss of work.
Consider the signs of clinical symptoms and arthrosis in each of these stages
Artrosis of the 1st degree (initial stage of arthrosis)
In the early stage of the disease in the morning, the difficulty of the difficulty, difficulty, after the start of the rigidity, after the start of the actions, after the start of the actions.Perhaps some restrictions of mobility in playfulness.Periodically, "starting" pain seems (starting in the rest of the action after a long time in rest).Acute actions, with joint injuries, but do not pain during movement.The pain in this stage of Arthosus appears only in an important and long load and decreases after rest.There is no pain in single and low loads.At this stage of the disease, patients rarely see a doctor.
The arthropons of joint special changes can sometimes appear in the form of a small osteophitis along the playful edges, sometimes narrowed into the articular space.
2 degree arthrosis (second stage of artros
With further development of arthrosis, the pain becomes more important, accepting a sharp character.A different crisis in the combination appears in any action, joint (contract), the functional shortening of the extremity, impairment of movements, but joint mobility is still preserved.This stage is characterized by a noticeable strengthening of starting pain, sharp and long.Under the influence of physical activity in the afternoon, constant fatigue appears, the feeling of pressure in affected joints, so much "mechanical pain".
The destruction of the connection is already very important, the joints are already partially deformed.
Noticeable osteofits in radiographies are seen, compared to the norm, compared to the norm, 2-3 times, subchondral bone sclerosis and cystical gaps in the epifyseal zone.
The arthrosis of the 2nd degree is characterized by the decline in the ability to do the decline, inability to do certain types of work.
3 degree arthros (third phase of Artrosis)
Arthropod 3 degrees is a severe, indifferent stage of the disease.At this stage there are:
- Significant deformation of the combination (due to the growth of bones and collection of fluid in a joint space);
- sharp restriction of actions until the protection of swinging actions only;
- Acute pain is not only when moving, but also in full rest - permanent pain related to reflex cramps of nearby muscles, as well as the development of jet synovite;
- Joint inflammation,
- Sensitivity of openings change in weather conditions.
- The muscles around the knee are filthy and atrophia;
Reading of the articles is the deformation of the legs, noticeably various or valgus curvature (ie "o" or "x").
The 3rd degree is observed in radiographs, almost completely disappearance of the joint space, the serious deformation of articular surfaces, a wide range of regional osteophytes.Articular mice and calcification of delicate tissues can be determined.
3 degree of disease fell far away, often this is the cause of continuous disability.It is manifested as follows:
- The pain is constant and painful: walking and especially climbing down the downs and stairs - a difficult test for the patient;
- High crisis in any movement, see others;
- The deformation of the compounds is strongly expressed, the actions are only a small amplitude or even impossible;
Images (Ligaments and meniscus) (Ligaments and meniscus), as well as change of symptoms of cartilage and sclerosis (contacted tissue).
4th grade arthrosis
The state of complete destruction of the combination arthropod, when it completely stops working together, often separately separately - 4 degrees of arthrosis.There is so much "joint blockade" - the limited movement of a patient is a sharp pain syndrome that is not possible even in limited motion.The fourth rate of arthrosis is accompanied by unbearable joint pain, which is not removed by strong medicines and intensive physiotherapy.It is possible to fully ankylosis (joint fusion) or the formation of a fake combination between the bones).In both cases, independent movement is almost impossible.
In the pictures, the rough sclerosis of Sattime surfaces with neat cystical enlightenment appears to a combination of bones connecting in a joint space.The development of this stage is almost always means disability, which will be prevented only with the implantation of an artificial joint prosthesis.
Treatment of arthrosis
Artroose treatment in the early phase of the disease
It is better to start treating arthrosis as early as possible, the appearance of the first marks - the crisis in the joints, the action is difficult.At this stage, drugs are useful to develop the structure of cartilage, as well as vitamin-minute complexes.
Medical physics education, proper nutrition, as well as preventive measures are important.It should be noted that the prevention of arthrosis is also of great importance to prevent the exacerbation of the disease.
Arthosus Treatment 2 - 3 degrees
Although the 2-3 degree arthrosis is completely treated, its development prevents the process significantly.At this stage, the treatment of arthrosis covers the following stages:
- to remove or reduce pain syndrome
- Remove inflammation in a combination.
- Improve the regeneration of the cartilage and slow down the degenerative processes in.
During the acute period, arthrosis treatment begins with the elimination of pain.For this, non-inforestic anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are used in analgesics.Corticosteroid interroticular injections are possible.You need to reduce the joint load, you can't walk for a long time, you can't stand, you can't lift heavy things.
Once it removes acute pain syndrome, the main task is to activate the recovery processes in common and peredicular tissues as much as possible, improving the blood circulation, increase metabolism, and eliminate inflammatory processes.It is assigned to bevotors, vazilating drugs, as well as therapeutic exercises and physiotherapy.
Arthrocy's treatment 4 degrees
At this stage of the disease, the joint was almost completely destroyed.In this case, an exit remains - replacement of the operation and the patient with an endoprostez.Endoprostez significantly improves the mobility of a combination, which allows the patient to continue the active life, at least get rid of pain.